Technical professionals are often required to define or describe a technical object, concept, or process to someone who has little knowledge or experience with it. This is done by heating the ethane, to an extreme temperature causing it to break apart the molecular bonds holding it together. The first step in the production of ethylene is to take the feedstock and crack it into ethylene and other various products in a furnace. The process shown in figure 1 is a steamcracking process for ethylene production from an ethanepropane mixture. The process shown in figure below is a steamcracking process for ethylene production from an ethanepropane mix. It will require an annual ethanol feed of 2,300,000 tonnes of 95% purity ethanol. For example, an engineering firm might write a proposal to bid on a contract to develop a helicopter for the defense department. This new process enables refinery and petrochemical plant integration that will maximize the benefits to both facilities. Natural gas liquids ngls are composed essentially of ethane, propane and butanes.
Ethylene production by oxidative coupling of methane depositonce. Ethylene manufacture technology description online ethylene data. It is the simplest alkene a hydrocarbon with carboncarbon double bonds. Crackers often feed other nearby plants that create more refined products further downstream. Ethylene production via cracking of ethanepropane chemical. Our plant is expected to be complete in 2015 and has an anticipated life of 20 years. Another option for ethylene production from a conventional route is the uop maxene process. Think of it as the fossil fuel industrys sneak attack. Technical definition and description technical writing. One type is that in which attention is focused on the performance of a human being, or possibly a group of human beings.
The process description and process flow diagrams given in the report. Process flow diagram of a typical ethylene plant fractionation train. Exxonmobil baytown olefins plant process description us. It does this by heating the ethane up so hot that it breaks apart the molecular bonds holding it together. There are ve main sections of the ethylene production plant which must be designed. Understanding naphtha and ethane cracking processes hose. Because we will be operating in brazil where ethanol is only produced nine months out of the year, we expect to operate 280.
In that case selectivity can be written as where ka and kb are. Generally, for a given radical i the continuity equation can be written as follows. Frequently asked questions about ethane crackers the. In the present work, a model of a naphtha cracking furnace with a typical. Planning the process description technical report writing. Crackers often feed other nearby plants that create more refined products further. In the petrochemical industry, two of the main feedstocks for steam crackers are naphtha and ethane. Process description steam cracker feeds can be separated into two categories. It is a colorless flammable gas with a faint sweet and musky odour when pure. Ethylene is widely used in the chemical industry, and its worldwide production over 150 million tonnes in 2016 exceeds that of any other organic. Intratec chemical process library is the first free online encyclopedia of chemical process technologies.
This report contains a detailed description of the plant process equipment and. Process design for the production of ethylene from ethanol. The major pieces of recovery equipment include a quench tower, caustic wash facilities, a process gas compressor, a sour water stripper, a wet air oxidation unit, a deethanizer, an ethyleneethane c2 splitter, and a demethanizer. Ethane cracker plants are the fossil fuel industry s latest attempt to lock us into a dirty energy economy, bringing extensive and expensive infrastructure that fills our air and water with toxic chemicals while contributing to the climate crisis and slowing the transition to renewables. Ethane crackers are generally, very large industrial facilities converting gas to another byproduct. At the time of this writing, several dozen new ethane cracker projects, and as many ethylene derivatives. Optimal gas analysis decisions improve ethylene plant. The plant process to produce ethylene is discussed below. An ethane cracker takes ethane, a component of natural gas found in abundance in the marcellus shale, and processes itor cracks itinto ethylene. Our library covers not only processes description themselves, but also the economics surrounding chemicals production, providing realworld knowledge on the production of several chemical. Maxene, the latest application of the uop sorbex process for adsorptive separation, recovers. Methods of testing or evaluating, methods of installing, flow of material through a plant, the schedule for implementing a proposal, and the method for calculating depreciation are all exaq1plesof processes.
The flow diagram of the process is figures 8, 9, and10. This report contains a detailed description of the plant process equipment and operating conditions. The majority of ethylene is produced using a process called steam cracking, a thermal process where hydrocarbons are broken down, or cracked into smaller molecules that are then used to manufacture more useful and valuable chemicals. Ethane crackers and ethylene derivative capacity additions part 2. Department at texas tech university, i learned a lot from my research work, not. Ethylene manufacture via cracking of ethanepropane. This document describes how to write a process description or process analysis, a variation of the short report designed to help a reader understand how a change takes place over time, through a series of stages you might use a process description to examine the photosynthesis of plants, the migration of animals, or the impeachment of presidents. Technical language is extensively utilized, starting with the. Overall process flow diagram of an ethylene cracker.
Furnace the two primary feedstocks for ethylene production are naphtha and natural gas ethane, propane, butane, etc. A process is a series of actions, and fundamentally the description of a process is the description of action. The cracker takes ethane, a component of natural gas and processes itor cracks it breaks down into ethylene. Manuals and reports contain many examples of process,descriptions. Yan, simulation and optimization of an ethylene plant, masters thesis, texas tech.
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